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U.S.  DEPOSITORY 


Hawaii  Agricultural  Experiment  Statlwu*** 

HONOLULU  A*, ™  /,/» 

—  13?  & 

J.   G.  SMITH,  Special  Agent  in  CHffigg.* 

{ s:- NOV       W3: 


PRESS  BULLETIN  NO.  18. 


HE  HAWAII  EXPERIMENT 
STATION. 


SOURCES   OF    MAINTENANCE. 

The  Hawaii  Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  organized  in 
April,  1 901,  under  the  Office  of  Experiment  Stations,  U.  S. 
Department  of  Agriculture,  is  supported  by  an  annual  appro- 
priation of  $15,000  from  the  Federal  Treasury.  The  Legislature 
of  Hawaii  in  1904  voted  an  additional  appropriation  amounting 
to  $228  per  month.  Congress  has  appropriated  $5000  for  a  water 
system  to  be  installed  during  the  fiscal  year  1907.  Other  sources 
of  income  are  the  receipts  from  the  sale  of  products  and  occasional 
donations  from  private  sources. 

LOCATION. 

The  Hawaii  Experiment  Station  is  located  on  the  Kewalo- 
Uka  lands  adjoining  Honolulu.  There  are  about  154  acres  in 
the  Station  reservation,  besides  which  the  Station  has  the  use  of 
the  twenty  acre  U.  S.  Naval  Hospital  Reservation.  The  land 
extends  from  Pensacola  street,  Honolulu,  along  the  east  slope  of 
the  Tantalus  ridge  to  an  elevation  of  1350  feet  above  sea  level. 
The  office,  library  and  laboratories  are  at  the  head  of  Pensacola 
street,  within  300  yards  of  the  Punahou  electric  car  line. 


FUNCTIONS    OF    THE    STATION. 

The  function  of  the  Hawaii  Experiment  Station  is  to  investi- 
g^  such  agricultural  problems  in  Hawaii  as  are  for  the  benefit 
of  this  Territory.  The  general  plan  is  to  demonstrate  by  field 
expedients  and  laboratory  investigations  at  the  Station  or  else- 
where ;  by  the  introduction  and  distribution  of  seeds  and  plants ; 
by  the  dissemination  of  information  relative  to  agriculture,  in 
printed  form,  by  correspondence  and  by  lectures;  and,  by  the 
maintenance  of  the  Farmers'  Institute.  The  bulletins  of  the  Sta- 
tion are  distributed  free  to  all  residents  of  Hawaii  on  application. 
Thirty  bulletins  and  five  annual  reports  have  been  published 
up  to  October  I,  1906. 

LINES   OF    WORK. 

Project  No.  1,  General  Outline.  The  investigations  already 
begun  are  along  the  lines  of  field  crops,  chemistry,  entomology  and 
horticulture.  In  order  that  the  people  of  Hawaii  may  know  in 
regard  to  the  definite  lines  of  investigation  now  under  way,  the 
following  special  projects  are  outlined : 

SPECIAL  PROJECTS. 

Project  No.  2.  Tobacco  Investigations.  Object:  To  determine 
the  possibility  of  growing  cigar  leaf  tobaccos  in  Hawaii. 

The  experiment  has  been  under  way  three  years.  In  1906  four 
acres  of  tobacco  were  planted  on  Lot  17,  Paauilo  Homesteads, 
which  was  reserved  from  sale  for  the  use  of  the  Experiment 
Station  by  the  Commissioner  of  Public  Lands.  A  large  modern 
curing  barn  with  stringing  and  fermenting  rooms  has  been  con- 
structed. The  crop  when  harvested  and  cured  will  be  sold  in 
order  to  determine  the  market  value  of  the  product.  The  cost 
of  this  experiment  is  being  borne  out  of  the  appropriation  made 
by  the  Territorial  Legislature  for  assistance  to  the  Hawaii  Ex- 
periment Station,  and  by  contribution  from  private  sources.  The 
1904  crop  was  small  and  was  distributed  among  tobacco  mer- 
chants in  sample  lots ;  none  of  this  crop  was  sold.     A  portion  of 


the  1905  crop  was  sold  to  a  Seattle  cigar  manufacturer,  made  up 
into  cigars  and  then  sent  back  to  Hawaii.  Preliminary  estimates 
of  the  value  of  the  1906  crop  are  that  there  will  be  3,000  pounds 
of  wrapper  leaf  of  high  quality.  The  product  of  both  Cuban  and 
Sumatra  types  is  of  fine  quality,  superior  in  texture,  burning  quali- 
ties and  aroma,  to  most  of  the  mainland  tobacco  and  comparable 
with  that  of  the  countries  from  which  the  seed  was  obtained. 
The  Station  will  discontinue  the  demonstration  whenever  private 
enterprise  takes  up  the  cultivation  of  tobacco. 

Project  No.  j,  Rubber  Investigations.  Object:  To  determine 
the  influence  which  cultivation  and  the  use  of  fertilizers  may 
have  on  the  yield  and  quality  of  commercial  rubber. 

Cooperative  experiments  have  been  planned  in  connection  with 
one  of  the  Xahiku  rubber  companies ;  also  with  the  Territorial 
Board  of  Agriculture  and  Forestry  in  an  investigation  of  the  two 
old  groves  of  Ceara  rubber  recently  discovered  on  the  island  of 
Kauai.  Pot  experiments  are  being  carried  on  at  the  Station  to 
determine  the  influence  of  fertilizers  on  the  growth  of  rubber 
trees,  by  the  transpiration  method.  A  beginning  has  also  been 
made  toward  a  collection  of  species  of  rubber  yielding  plants  on 
the  Station  reservation. 

Project  No.  _/.  Coffee  Investigations.  Object:  To  assist  and 
extend  the  cultivation  of  coffee  in  Hawaii. 

Data  have  been  secured  relative  to  the  methods  of  cultivation. 
planting,  topping,  shading,  fermenting,  curing  and  marketing 
coffee  together  with  observations  relative  to  the  diseases  and 
insect  pests  of  the  coffee  plant.  It  is  intended  to  publish  a  bulle- 
tin as  soon  as  this  work  is  completed. 

Project  Xo.  5,  Plant  Pathology.  Object:  To  investigate  the 
fungus  diseases  of  cultivated  crops  other  than  sugar. 

Experiments  are  under  way  in  the  treatment  of  diseases  of  pine- 
apples, coffee,  vanilla  and  tobacco.  The  publications  already  issued 
relating  to  this  subject  are  Press  Bulletins  3  and  9  and  Bulletins 
2,  7,  9  and  12.  The  special  investigations  of  the  present  year 
are  on  the  fungus  which  causes  the  rotting  of  ripe  pineapples  in 
transit  to  market. 


Project  No.  6,  The  Cultivation  of  Plants  Yielding  Tannin. 
Object:  To  demonstrate  that  the  cultivation  of  tan  bark  trees  is 
a  profitable  industry. 

Six  acres  of  black  wattle  located  on  the  Experiment  Station 
were  cut  down  in  1905,  the  bark  stripped,  chopped,  dried  and 
sold;  as  was  also  the  wood.  A  total  return  of  $254.84  per  acre 
was  realized,  indicating  that  mountain  slopes  too  steep  or  rocky  for 
utilization  in  any  other  way  can  be  planted  to  the  black  wattle  and 
other  tan  bark  trees.     Publications  issued — Bulletin  No.   n„ 

Project  No.  J,  The  Composition  of  Hawaiian  Feed  Stuffs. 
Object:  (1)  To  determine  the  chemical  composition  of  Hawai- 
ian fodders,  principally  those  not  grown  or  used  for  feed  on  the 
mainland.  (2)  To  determine  the  ash  ingredients  of  Hawaiian 
fodders.  (3)  To  investigate  the  best  means  of  supplying  lime 
in  a  ration  through  the  medium  of  the  fodder  alone  without  the 
addition  of  lime  salts.  (4)  To  supply  data  with  which  to  carri- 
on feeding  experiments  and  a  determination  of  digestion  coeffi- 
cients. 

The  chemical  work  is  being  done  in  the  Station  laboratory. 
Samples  of  fodders  have  been  supplied  by  those  interested  in 
ranching  and  dairying  in  the  Territory.  The  cost  of  this  work 
is  about  $400  per  annum.  Publications,  Bulletin  No.  13,  Press 
Bulletin  No.  15. 

Project  No.  8,  The  Chemical  Constitution  of  Nitrogenous  Com- 
pounds in  Hawaiian  Soils.  Object:  (1)  To  determine  more  defi- 
nitely than  is  now  known,  the  chemical  composition  and  consti- 
tution of  the  body  or  group  of  bodies  known  as  humus.  (2)  To 
determine  the  identity  and  composition  of  organic  nitrogenous 
bodies  other  than  humus  in  Hawaiian  soils.  (3)  To  determine 
the  degree  to  which  bodies  studied  under  1  and  2  can  be  nitrified. 
(4)  To  determine  whether  any  organic  nitrogenous  bodies  present 
in  Hawaiian  soils  are  directly  assimilated  by  plants. 

The  research  investigations  in  connection  with  this  work  have 
been  under  way  since  1904,  and  a  bulletin  on  Hawaiian  soil 
studies  will  be  published  this  year.  The  cost  of  this  work  is 
about  $1000  per  annum. 


Project  No.  o,  Dentrification  in  Hazvaiian  Soils.  Object:  To 
determine  to  what  extent  and  under  what  conditions  dentrification 
takes  place  in  Hawaiian  soils ;  to  determine  the  form  which  the 
nitrogen  takes  as  a  result  of  this  dentrification ;  and,  the  factors 
governing  any  variations  in  these  forms. 

This  work  has  been  under  way  two  years  at  an  expense  to  date 
of  $200.    The  work  will  require  about  $1000  for  its  completion. 

Project  No.  10,  The  Composition  of  Hawaiian  Honeys^ 
Object:  (t)  To  determine  the  chemical  composition  of  Hawaiian 
honey  and  the  variation  due  to  the  source.  (2)  To  furnish  data 
relative  to  the  composition  of  honeys  for  the  use  of  bee  keepers 
selling  the  same  on  analysis.  ^3)  To  determine  to  what  extent 
bees  in  Hawaii  elaborate  honey  from  materials  other  than  the 
nectar  of  flowers,  such  as  cane  sugar,  molasses,  honey  dew  of 
leaf  hoppers  and  other  insects,  and  nectar  from  extra-floral  nec- 
taries. (4)  To  determine,  if  possible,  the  factors  influencing 
granulation.  (5)  To  determine  the  causes  of  abnormal  ash  com- 
position. 

This  work  has  been  under  way  for  about  one  year  under  the 
joint  auspices  of  the  entomologist  and  chemist.  A  large  series  of 
samples  have  been  secured  from  bee  keepers  throughout  the  Is- 
lands.   The  estimated  cost  of  this  work  is  about  $1000. 

Project  No.  11 \  Manganese  in  Hawaiian  Soils.  Object:  (1) 
To  determine  the  form  or  forms  in  which  manganese  is  present 
in  such  Hawaiian  soils  as  contain  manganese  in  large  amounts. 
(2)  To  determine  in  such  soils  the  amount,  if  any,  of  water  solu- 
ble manganese.  (3)  To  determine  the  relation,  if  any,  of  large 
amounts  of  manganese  in  the  soil  to  the  presence  of  ferrous  iron. 
(4)  To  determine  changes  in  form  of  combination  and  solubility 
in  water,  resulting  from  cultivation.  (5)  To  determine  the  effect 
of  small  quantities  of  water  soluble  manganese  naturally  present 
in  the  soil  on  plant  growth. 

The  observation  was  made  early  in  1906  by  the  station  chemist 
that  certain  soils  at  Wahiawa,  on  Oahu,  contain  as  much  as  10% 
manganese,  a  small  portion  of  which  is.  in  some  cases,  water  solu- 


ble.    The  expenditure  to  date  amounts  to  about  $100  and  the  ulti- 
mate cost  will  be  $1000. 

Project  No.  12,  'The  Marketing  of  Tropical  Fruits.  Object: 
(1)  To  determine  what  Hawaiian  fruits  can  be  safely  shipped  to 
mainland  markets.  (2)  To  determine  the  best  methods  of  gather- 
ing, packing  and  shipping  tropical  fruits.  (3)  To  investigate 
the  market  conditions  on  the  mainland  in  their  relation  to  Hawai- 
ian fruits  and  the  possible  extension  of  our  trade. 

The  horticulturist  has  made  large  shipments  of  fruit  to  the 
mainland ,  himself  accompanying  one  of  these  shipments,  to 
secure  information  not  obtainable  by  correspondence.  The  total 
cost  to  date  amounts  to  about  $1000,  and  $5000  will  be  required 
to  carry  the  work  to  completion. 

Project  No.  13,  Banana  Cultivation.  Object:  To  investigate 
cultural  methods  in  relation  to  the  banana  crop  in  Hawaii  and 
determine  the  most  desirable  varieties. 

A  fertilizer  experiment  is  under  way  on  grounds  of  the  Hilo 
Boarding  School  at  Hilo,  and  a  collection  of  over  forty  varieties 
has  been  brought  together  at  the  Experiment  Station  in  Hono- 
lulu. This  Station  cooperated  with  the  Territorial  Board  of 
Agriculture  in  introducing,  propagating  and  distributing  a  variety 
known  as  the  Bluefleld  banana,  suckers  of  which  were  obtained  in 
1904  from  Costa  Rica.  Over  1000  suckers  of  this  new  variety 
have  been  distributed  to  applicants  throughout  the  Territory. 
The  cost  of  the  work  has  been  about  $600  to  date  and  will  prob- 
ably amount  to  $200  per  annum. 

Project  No.  14,  Cacao  Cultivation.  Object:  To  determine  the 
adaptability  of  the  cacao  tree  to  Hawaiian  conditions. 

An  experiment  is  under  way  on  the  grounds  of  the  Hilo  Board- 
ing School  at  Hilo,  Hawaii.  Seeds  have  been  obtained  from 
Tutuila.  Samoa ,  and  a  large  number  of  plants  have  been  received 
from  the  U.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture  at  Washington,  com- 
prising the  best  cultural  varieties  grown  in  the  West  Indies. 
About  three  acres  of  land  have  been  prepared,  planted  with  shade 
and  are  being  planted  with  young  cacao  trees.  The  cost  of  this 
experiment  will  be  about  $200  per  annum. 


Project  No.  15,  Pineapple  Investigations.  Object:  To  investi- 
gate the  cultivation  of  pineapples  in  Hawaii. 

Work  was  commenced  by  the  horticulturist  in  June,  1906,  and 
a  bulletin  is  in  preparation.  The  cost  of  this  investigation  will 
be  about  $500. 

Project  No.  16,  Rice  Culture  in  Hawaii.  Object:  (1)  To  de- 
vise more  thorough  and  cheaper  methods  of  tillage  than  are  now 
in  vogue.  (2)  To  compare  the  relative  value  of  broadcast  sow- 
ing and  drilling  with  machinery  with  the  expensive  method  of 
transplanting  from  seed  beds  as  now  practiced  in  Hawaii.  (3) 
To  study  the  duty  of  water  in  irrigation  and  the  value  of  drainage 
in  the  culture  of  low-land  rice.  (4)  To  determine  the  adaptabil- 
ity of  harvesting  machinery  to  Hawaiian  rice  conditions.  (5) 
To  investigate  methods  of  milling  rice. 

Experiments  are  now  under  way  on  a  tract  of  land  at  the  corner 
of  King  street  and  Kalakaua  Avenue,  Honolulu.  The  Station 
has  purchased  a  rice  binder,  bog  plow,  disc  cultivator  and  disc 
seeder,  types  of  machinery  used  by  rice  growers  on  the  mainland, 
and  demonstrations  will  be  made  on  a  field  scale.  One  hundred 
and  ten  named  varieties  of  rice  are  being  grown  at  the  trial 
grounds.  The  cost  of  this  experiment  will  be  $3000  annually. 
The  Bishop  Estate,  Ltd.,  and  The  Ii  Estate,  Ltd.,  have  given 
financial  assistance  to  the  work. 

Project  No.  17,  Rice  Breeding.  Object:  (1)  To  improve  ex- 
isting varieties  of  Hawaiian  rice.  (2)  To  select  and  originate 
varieties  which  mav  prove  more  productive.  (3)  To  develop  a 
superior  variety  more  tolerant  to  the  brackish  waters  prevalent 
near  the  sea. 

These  investigations  are  being  conducted  at  the  same  location 
as  in  Project  Xo.  16. 

Project  No.  18,  The  Relation  of  Chemical  Fertilizers  to  Ha- 
waiian Rice  Culture  and  a  Study  of  Rotation  of  Crops.  Object: 
To  investigate  the  uses  of  chemical  fertilizers  in  manuring  rice, 
and  experiments  with  crops  which  may  be  substituted  for  rice 
on  swamp  lands. 


8 

A  series  of  pot  experiments  have  been  completed  indicating  the 
value  of  commercial  fertilizers.  These  observations  are  about 
ready  for  publication. 

Project  No.  19,  A  Study  of  the  Injurious  Insects  of  Hawaii 
and  Their  Control.  Object:  To  determine  the  injurious  insects 
of  Hawaii,  their  local  occurrence,  life  cycle,  habits,  food  plants, 
injury,  and  methods  of  control,  including  natural  and  active 
measures. 

This  line  of  work  has  cost  about  $9000  to  date,  and  will  cost 
about  $2500  per  annum.  This  work  should  be  carried  on  as  long 
as  the  Station  is  in  existence.  The  publications  are  Bulletins 
Nos.  3,  5,  6  and  10;  Press  Bulletins  Nos.  7,  10,  14,  16  and  17. 
Ai  collection  comprising  the  more  important  injurious  insects  of 
Hawaii  has  been  made.  A  good  working  library  of  economic 
entomology  is  on  hand  and  much  valuable  information  has  already 
been  gained.  Publications  are  in  preparation  on  the  insect  ene- 
mies of  the  banana,  mosquito  control  work  in  Hawaii,  insect  ene- 
mies of  the  citrus  trees,  insect  enemies  of  coffee,  insect  enemies 
of  garden  vegetables,  insects  affecting  forest  trees,  insects  in- 
jurious to  stored  products,  household  insects,  the  melon  fly,  the 
horn  fly  and  the  Japanese  rose  beetle. 

Project  No.  20,  The  Use  of  Insecticides  in  Hawaii.  Object: 
To  determine  the  practical  use  of  insecticides  in  the  control  of 
injurious  insects,  and  determine  the  insecticides  suitable  for  Ha- 
waiian conditions,  and  the  method  of  their  application.  The 
standard  insecticides  have  been  prepared  and  applied  with  appara- 
tus purchased  by  the  Station.  This  work  is  practically  completed 
and  has  cost  to  date  about  $500.    Publication,  Bulletin  No.  3. 

Project  No.  21,  Mosquitoes  in  Hawaii  and  Their  Control. 
Object:  To  determine  the  species  of  mosquitoes  occurring  in 
Hawaii,  their  distribution,  breeding  places,  life  cycle  and  habits. 
(2)  To  determine  the  extent  and  results,  of  attempts  to  control 
mosquitoes  in  Hawaii,  the  causes  of  their  failure,  the  methods 
that  will  prove  effective  and  the  approximate  cost  of  effective 
methods  of  control. 


These  investigations  have  cost  to  date  about  $2500  and  will  cost 
about  $200  more.  A  Citizens'  Committee  campaign  against  mos- 
quitoes was  organized  in  Honolulu,  and  a  complete  demonstra- 
tion made  in  cooperation  with  the  Territorial  Board  of  Health  of 
the  fact  that  any  community  can  be  freed  from  the  mosquito 
nuisance  if  the  proper  measures  are  enforced.  Publications,  Bul- 
letin Xo.  0,  Press  Bulletin  Xo.  7,  Reports  1904  and  1905. 

Project  Xo.  22,  The  Avocado  Mealy-Bug.  Object:  To  deter- 
mine the  distribution,  food  plants  and  extent  of  injury  of  the 
Avocado  Mealy-Bug  and  to  attempt  its  control  by  cultural 
methods  and  spraying. 

Experiments  were  conducted,  showing  that  this  injurious  in- 
sect can  be  easily  controlled.  The  cost  of  the  experiment  was 
about  $300  and  has  been  completed.  Publications,  Press  Bulle- 
tins X'os.  8  and  16. 

Project  Xo.  23,  Introduction  of  Mosquito-Eating  Fisli.  Object: 
To  determine  the  species  of  fish  that  would  become  special  ene- 
mies of  the  mosquito  larvae,  and  attempt  their  introduction,  dis- 
tribution and  establishment  in  natural  breeding  places. 

A  number  of  top  minnows  were  collected  in  Texas  and  brought 
to  Hawaii  by  an  employee  of  the  U.  S.  Fish  Commission.  They 
were  propagated  and  distributed  throughout  the  Islands  by  the 
Territorial  Board  of  Health  and  the  entomologist  of  this  station. 
Wherever  introduced  they  have  propagated  enormously.  The 
cost  of  the  experiment  has  been  about  $1700,  $1500  of  which  was 
appropriated  by  the  Territorial  Legislature  and  expended  under 
the  supervision  of  the  President  of  the  Board  of  Health. 

Project  Xo.  24,  The  Sugar  Cane  Leaf-Hopper.  Object:  To 
investigate  the  life  history,  habits  and  extent  of  injury  of  the 
leaf-hopper  affecting  sugar  cane  and  make  suggestions  as  to 
measures  for  its  control. 

A  detailed  study  of  the  life  cycle  of  this  insect  was  made  in  the 
insectary  and  field  at  the  station  in  Honolulu.  Infested  cane 
fields  of  the  Kohala,  Hamakua  and  Waialua  districts  were  visited 
and  the  insect  studied  in  its  relation  to  cane.  Various  active 
measures  of  control  were  attempted  in  cane  fields  and  the  con- 


IO 

tro!  by  cultural  methods  was  given  consideration.  The  work  was 
completed  in  June,  1904,  at  a  cost  of  about  $750.  Publication 
issued.  Bulletin  No.  5. 

Project  No.  25,  Insect  Enemies  of  Tobacco.  Object:  To  deter- 
mine the  insect  enemies  of  tobacco  in  Hawaii  and  the  method  of 
controlling  them. 

A  collection  of  insects  affecting  tobacco  was  made  and  studied 
to  determine  their  distribution  and  methods  of  control.  This 
work  was  completed  in  June,  1905,  at  a  cost  of  $400.  Publication, 
Bulletin  No.  10. 

Project  No.  26,  Silk  Culture  in  Hawaii.  Object:  To  deter- 
mine the  race  of  silk  worm  best  suited  to  local  conditions,  the 
quality  of  silk  that  can  be  produced  and  the  possibility  of  the 
development  of  silk  production  as  an  industry. 

Breeding  experiments  and  investigations  are  under  way  at  the 
station  in  Honolulu.  Two  crops  of  worms  have  been  grown  to 
maturity.  The  cocoons  have  been  tested  and  the  raw  silk 
analyzed  for  comparison  with  the  product  of  other  silk  producing 
countries.  A  crop  of  worms  will  be  grown  each  year  for  demon- 
stration purposes.  Annual  cost  about  $300,  which  must  be  con- 
tinued for  several  years.     Publication,  Annual  Report,  1905. 

Project  No.  27,  Bee  Keeping  in  Hawaii.  Object:  (1)  To 
study  bee  keeping  in  Hawaii  with  a  view  to  extension  of  the 
industry  and  improvement  in  races,  and  methods  of  apiculture 
suitable  to  the  semi-tropical  conditions  of  the  islands.  (2)  To 
investigate  the  enemies  and  diseases  of  the  honey  bee  and  their 
control.  (3)  To  determine  the  sources  of  Hawiian  honey  and 
the  introduction  of  plants  suitable  for  bee  pasturage.  (4)  To 
determine  the  chemical  composition  of  Hawaiian  honey.  (See 
project  No.  10.) 

Cooperative  experiments  are  under  way  with  the  Garden 
Island  Honey  Co.  in  the  introduction  of  improved  strains  of 
queens.  The  bee  moth  has  been  studied ;  together  with  a  disease 
believed  to  be  due  to  the  shortage  of  pollen  at  certain  seasons  of 
the  year,  with  a  view  to  introducing  plants  which  will  flower  dur- 


II 

ing  these   periods.      The   expense   to   date   has   been   about   $50. 
Publication,  Annual  Report,  1905. 

Project  No.  28,  The  Pineapple  Scale.  Object:  To  determine 
the  distribution  and  injury  due  to  the  pineapple  scale  in  Hawaii 
and  the  measures  for  its  control. 

Experiments  have  been  made  with  insecticides  and  reports 
made  to  the  owners  of  plantations.  Work  completed  August  n, 
1904,  at  a  cost  of  about  $200.  Publication,  Press  Bulletin  Xo.  io, 
two  editions. 

Project  Xo.  29,  Ftiilcr's  Rose  Beetle.  Object:  To  determine  the 
distribution,  food  plants  and  injury  due  to  the  Japanese  beetle  in 
Hawaii  and  the  measures  for  its  control. 

Investigations  were  made  on  the  islands  of  Maui  and  Hawaii 
and  the  life-history  was  compiled  from  Station  records.  Work 
was  completed  Oct.  19,  1905,  at  a  cost  of  about  $100.  Publica- 
tion, Press  Bulletin  Xo.  14. 

Project  No.  jo.  The  Mango  Weevil.  Object:  To  determine 
the  life-history  and  habits  of  the  recently  introduced  mango 
weevil,  its  local  distribution,  injur}-  and  the  possibility  of  its  con- 
trol or  extermination. 

A  study  of  the  life-history  of  this  insect  was  conducted  in  Ho- 
nolulu. Work  completed  August  14,  1906,  at  a  cost  of  about 
$500.     Publication,  Press  Bulletin  Xo.  17. 

Project  No.  ?i,  Propagation  of  Mangoes.  Object:  To  deter- 
mine the  methods  of  propagating  mangoes  in  order  to  improve  the 
quality  of  the  fruit. 

A  large  number  of  experiments  have  been  carried  on  in  bud- 
ding and  grafting  mangoes  and  a  collection  of  varieties  is  being 
assembled  in  order  that  cross-breeding  and  selection  may  be  car- 
ried on.     Cost  to  date  about  $500.     Publication,  Bulletin  No.  12. 

Project  No.  32,  The  Avocado  Pear.  Object:  To  study  the 
propagation,  improvement,  cultivation  and  marketing  of  the  avo- 
cado or  palto  pear. 

Experiments  have  been  conducted  at  the  Station  with  budding 
and  grafting  pears.     The  shipping  qualities  of  the  different  van- 


12 

•eties  are  being  determined.  Studies  of  the  behavior  of  the  dif- 
frent  varieties  of  the  fruit  in  cold  storage  have  been  made.  An 
orchard  is  being  planted  on  the  station  grounds  to  determine  the 
cultivation  methods  and  provide  material  for  plant  breeding.  A 
bulletin  is  in  preparation.     Cost  of  work  to  date  about  $500. 

Project  No.  33 f  The  Strawberry  in  Hawaii.  Object:  To  in- 
vestigate varieties  suitable  for  Hawaiian  conditions  and  deter- 
mine the  best  methods  of  cultivation. 

About  25  named  varieties  were  grown  at  the  Station  in  1903 
and  an  experiment  was  made  to  determine  the  effect  of  shading 
strawberry  beds.  Further  experiments  are  under  way.  Cost  to 
date  about  $200. 

Project  No.  34.  The  Wine  Grape.  Object:  To  determine  the 
-adaptability  of  the  European  Wine  Grapes  to  Hawaiian  condi- 
tions. 

A  collection  of  varieties  were  imported  from  California  in  1902, 
from  Australia  in  1903,  and  from  California  in  1906.  A  coopera- 
tive experiment  is  being  conducted  with  vineyardists  on  the 
Island  01  Maui.  No  definite  results  have  been  obtained.  Cost  of 
work  to  date  about  $200. 

Project  No.  35.  The  Testing  of  Miscellaneous  Economics. 
Object:  To  investigate  the  possibility  of  introducing  crops  new 
to  the  Territory  or  of  extending  the  cultivation  of  those  now  of 
only  local  importance. 

A  collection  of  economic  plants  propagated  from  seed  or  intro- 
duced from  abroad  is  maintained  in  the  station  green  houses  and 
experimental  plots.  The  cost  of  this  branch  of  the  work  is  about 
$700  per  annum.  No  publications  have  been  issued  other  than 
lists  in  the  Annual  Reports. 

LIST  OF  PUBLICATIONS. 

Bulletins  Nos. 

1.  Chickens  and  Their  Diseases  in  Hawaii. 

2.  The  Root  Rot  of  Taro. 

3.  Insecticides  for  Use  in  Hawaii  (2  editions). 


Bulletins  Nos. 

4.     Sisal  in  Hawaii 


5 
6 

7 

8 

9 
10 
11 

12 

13 

14 


(Out  of  print.) 
A  Sugar-cane  Leaf-Hopper  in  Hawaii. 
Mosquitoes  in  Hawaii. 
The  Banana  in  Hawaii. 
Methods  of  Milking. 
Citrus  Fruits  in  Hawaii. 
Insect  Enemies  of  Tobacco  in  Hawaii. 
The  Black  Wattle  in  Hawaii. 
The  Mango  in  Hawaii. 

The  Composition  of  Some  Hawaiian  Feeding  Stuff; 
Hawaiian  Soil  Studies,  No.   1    (in  press). 


Press  Bulletins  Nos. 

1.     The  Function  of  the  Experiment  Station. 


10 
11 
12 

13 
14 

15 

16 

1; 


The  Castor  Bean. 

Preliminary  Experiments  with  the  Quick  Blight  of 
the  Potato. 

A  Resume  of  Bulletin  No.  2,  in  the  Hawaiian  Lan- 
guage. 

Manila  Hemp. 

Vanilla.     (Out  of  print.) 

The  Mosquito  Poster;  in  English,  Hawaiian,  Chi- 
nese, Japanese  and  Portuguese.     (Out  of  print.) 

The  Mealy-bug  of  the  Alligator  Pear.  (Out  of 
print.) 

Two  Plant  Diseases  in  Hawaii:  (a)  The  Pineapple 
Disease  of  Sugar-cane;  (b)  The  Brown  Eyed 
Disease  of  Coffee. 

The  Pineapple  Scale   (2  editions). 

The  Common  Liver  Fluke  in  Hawaii. 

Tobacco  Experiments  in  Hamakua,   Hawaii. 

Rubber  in  Hawaii. 

Puller's  Rose  Beetle. 

Lime  an  Essential  Factor  in  Forage. 

The  Avocado  Mealy-bug. 

The  Mango  Weevil. 


Annual  Reports  1901,  1902,  1903,  1904  and  1905. 

Bulletins  and  Press  Bulletins  are  issued  in  editions  of  4000 
copies.  They  will  be  distributed,  free  of  charge,  to  anyone  mak- 
ing application  for  the  same. 

STATION    STAFF. 

Mr.  Jared  G.  Smith,  Special  Agent  in  Charge. 

Mr.  D.  L.  Van  Dine,  Entomologist. 

Dr.  E.  C.  Shorey,  Chemist. 

Miss  Alice  R.  Thompson,  Assistant  Chemist. 

Mr.  J.  E.  Higgins,  Horticulturist. 

Mr.  F.  G.  Krauss,  Rice  Expert. 

Mr.  C.  R.  Blacow,  Tobacco  Expert  (P.  O.  Paauilo). 

Mr.  0.  O.  Bradford,  Farm  Foreman. 

Jared  G.  Smith,  Director. 
Honolulu,  T.  H.,  October  10,  1906. 


UNIVERSITY  OF  FLORIDA 


3  1262  08929  9456 


*~*s 


